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CONSUMER PRICE INDEX MALAYSIA DECEMBER 2014

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) for the month of December 2014 increased by 2.7 per cent to 111.8 compared with 108.9 in the same month last year. This increase has been attributed to the rise in the index for Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco by 10.6 per cent; Restaurants & Hotels by 4.1 per cent; Transport ( + 4.0 per cent ); Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels ( + 3.4 per cent ); Health ( + 3.3 per cent ) and Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages by 2.4 per cent. These six groups of goods and services contributed 96.9 per cent to the increase in the CPI for the month of December this year. This information can be found in Table 2.

The CPI for the twelve months in 2014 ( January to December ) increased by 3.2 per cent to record as 110.5 compared with the same period last year. This increase has been driven by for Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco ( + 11.6 per cent ); Transport ( + 4.9 per cent ); Restaurants & Hotels ( + 4.7 per cent ); Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels ( + 3.4 per cent ); and Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages by 3.3 per cent.

 


 
 
CPI changes for the period January - December 2014 / 2013

The 3.2 per cent increase in the CPI was brought about by increases observed in the indices of all the main groups except those of Communication and Clothing & Footwear which decreased by 0.7 and 0.2 per cent respectively. Notable increases among these main groups with high weights were Transport ( + 4.9 per cent ); Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels ( + 3.4 per cent ); and Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages by 3.3 per cent. Other increases were Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco ( + 11.6 per cent ) and Restaurants & Hotels ( + 4.7  per cent ).
Table 1 : CONSUMER PRICE INDEX FOR MAIN GROUPS, MALAYSIA (2010=100)
 
Group
  
Wt.
Index
% Change
Dec 2013
Nov 2014
Dec 2014
Jan - Dec 2013
Jan - Dec 2014
Dec 2014/
Nov 2014
Dec 2014/
Dec 2013
Jan - Dec 2014/2013
TOTAL
100.0
108.9
111.9
111.8
107.1
110.5
-0.1
2.7
3.2
Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages
30.3
113.6
115.9
116.3
111.5
115.2
0.3
2.4
3.3
Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco
2.2
121.6
134.5
134.5
111.3
124.2
0.0
10.6
11.6
Clothing and Footwear
3.4
98.3
98.3
98.0
98.6
98.4
-0.3
-0.3
-0.2
Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels
22.6
106.5
110.1
110.1
105.2
108.8
0.0
3.4
3.4
Furnishings, Household Equip. & Routine Household Maintenance
4.1
105.8
106.7
106.4
105.4
106.5
-0.3
0.6
1.0
Health
1.3
107.8
111.3
111.4
106.8
109.9
0.1
3.3
2.9
Transport
14.9
110.6
116.5
115.0
107.2
112.4
-1.3
4.0
4.9
Communication
5.7
98.2
97.3
97.3
98.4
97.7
0.0
-0.9
-0.7
Recreation Services & Culture
4.6
104.9
104.9
104.9
103.3
104.9
0.0
0.0
1.5
Education
1.4
107.9
110.2
110.3
107.2
109.8
0.1
2.2
2.4
Restaurants and Hotels
3.2
113.5
118.1
118.2
111.7
116.9
0.1
4.1
4.7
Miscellaneous Goods & Services
6.3
104.3
105.5
105.8
104.7
105.4
0.3
1.4
0.7
Non-Food
69.7
106.9
110.2
109.8
105.2
108.5
-0.3
2.8
3.1
Durable Goods
6.5
97.4
95.6
95.8
98.5
96.6
0.2
-1.6
-1.9
Semi-Durable Goods
4.4
99.1
99.1
98.8
99.5
99.3
-0.3
-0.3
-0.2
Non-Durable Goods
41.6
112.0
116.0
115.6
109.1
113.7
-0.3
3.2
4.2
Services
47.5
108.6
111.7
111.8
107.2
110.5
0.1
2.9
3.1
 
Based on the above changes and the weights assigned to the main groups, the relative contribution to the overall increase of 3.2 per cent in the CPI can be identified as shown in Table 2. The three main groups, Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages; Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels; and Transport together accounted for 81.2 per cent of the overall increase recorded for the current period.
 
 

 
Table 2 : CONTRIBUTION TO THE CHANGES IN THE OVERALL CONSUMER PRICE INDEX 
BY MAIN GROUPS, MALAYSIA (2010=100)
 
Group
Wt.
2013 / 2012
December
2014 / 2013
January - December
2014 / 2013
%
Change
%
Contribution
%
Change
%
Contribution
%
Change
% Contribution
TOTAL
100.0
2.1
100.0
2.7
100.0
3.2
100.0
Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages
30.3
3.6
50.2
2.4
28.8
3.3
34.0
Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco
2.2
6.0
5.6
10.6
9.7
11.6
8.3
Clothing and Footwear
3.4
-0.6
3.9
-0.3
-0.5
-0.2
-0.3
Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels
22.6
1.7
17.5
3.4
29.0
3.4
24.1
Furnishings, Household Equip. & Routine Household Maintenance
4.1
1.5
4.3
0.6
0.9
1.0
1.3
Health
1.3
1.9
1.1
3.3
1.6
2.9
1.2
Transport
14.9
2.0
12.9
4.0
22.5
4.9
23.1
Communication
5.7
-0.7
-1.7
-0.9
-1.9
-0.7
-1.3
Recreation Services & Culture
4.6
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
1.5
2.2
Education
1.4
2.4
1.5
2.2
1.2
2.4
1.1
Restaurants and Hotels
3.2
2.5
3.5
4.1
5.3
4.7
5.0
Miscellaneous Goods & Services
6.3
0.3
1.1
1.4
3.4
0.7
1.3

 

The 3.3 per cent increase in the index for Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages was the result of increases for Food At Home ( + 3.1 per cent ); Food Away From Home ( + 4.0 per cent ) and Coffee, Tea, Cocoa & Non-Alcoholic Beverages ( + 0.9 per cent ). Among the subgroups of Food At Home which showed significant increases during this period as shown in Table 3 were Sugar, Jam, Honey, Chocolate and Confectionery ( + 6.7 per cent ); Fish & Seafood ( + 4.8 per cent ); Milk & Eggs ( + 3.9 per cent ); Meat ( + 3.5 per cent ) and Fruits ( + 3.3 per cent ).
 

 
Table 3 : CONSUMER PRICE INDEX FOR SUB-GROUPS OF FOOD AND
NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, MALAYSIA (2010=100)
 
Sub-group
Wt.
Index
% Change
Dec
2013
Nov
2014
Dec
2014
Jan - Dec
2013
Jan - Dec
2014
Dec 2014/
Nov 2014
Dec 2014/
Dec 2013
Jan - Dec
2014/2013
Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages
30.3
113.6
115.9
116.3
111.5
115.2
0.3
2.4
3.3
Food
28.9
113.9
116.2
116.7
111.7
115.5
0.4
2.5
3.4
Food At Home
18.9
114.0
115.5
116.1
111.6
115.1
0.5
1.8
3.1
Rice, Bread & Other Cereals
4.4
104.9
105.7
105.7
104.4
105.5
0.0
0.8
1.1
Meat
2.9
113.6
114.3
114.5
112.2
116.1
0.2
0.8
3.5
Fish & Seafood
4.5
122.2
124.5
125.9
118.8
124.5
1.1
3.0
4.8
Milk & Eggs
1.8
115.0
120.6
122.1
113.2
117.6
1.2
6.2
3.9
Oils and Fats
0.6
101.0
101.1
101.1
101.0
101.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
Fruits
1.2
113.8
116.1
116.7
112.3
116.0
0.5
2.5
3.3
Vegetables
2.1
115.3
113.6
114.2
109.0
111.5
0.5
-1.0
2.3
Sugar, Jam, Honey, Choc. & Confectionery
0.6
128.5
129.6
129.6
121.1
129.2
0.0
0.9
6.7
Food Products n.e.c.
0.8
112.2
115.0
115.2
111.2
114.0
0.2
2.7
2.5
Food Away From Home
10.0
113.6
117.7
117.9
111.8
116.3
0.2
3.8
4.0
Coffee, Tea, Cocoa & Non-Alcoholic Beverages
1.4
107.4
108.0
108.0
106.8
107.8
0.0
0.6
0.9
 
 
Monthly Changes for CPI
 
When compared with the previous month, the CPI for December 2014 decreased by 0.1 per cent. Decreases were for main groups Transport ( - 1.3 per cent ); Clothing & Footwear; and Furnishings, Household Equipment & Routine Household Maintenance by 0.3 per cent respectively. On the other hand, increases were for Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages and Miscellaneous Goods & Services by 0.3 per cent respectively; Health; Education; and Restaurants & Hotels by 0.1 per cent respectively. The other four main group namely Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco; Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels; Communication; and Recreation Services & Culture remained unchanged at 134.5; 110.1; 97.3 and 104.9 respectively.

The 0.3 per cent increase in the index for Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages in December 2014 compared with that of the previous month was the result of increases in the index for Food At Home and Food Away From Home by 0.5 and 0.2 per cent respectively. However, the index for Coffee, Tea, Cocoa & Non-Alcoholic Beverages remained unchanged at 108.0.

Among the food items which recorded notable increases in December 2014 compared with the previous month were French Beans ( + 9.1 per cent ); Long Beans ( + 8.3 per cent ); Brinjals ( + 7.2 per cent ); Kai Lan ( + 4.9 per cent ); Hen’s Egg ( + 4.3 per cent ); Watermelon ( + 4.3 per cent ); Round Scad (Fish) ( + 3.9 per cent ); Spinach ( + 2.8 per cent ); Cucumber ( + 2.8 per cent ); Indian Mackerel (Fish) ( + 2.5 per cent ); Choy Sum ( + 2.1 per cent ) and Chicken ( + 0.4 per cent ).

Meanwhile, the index of some food items decreased in December 2014 compared with the previous month. Among these were Tomatoes ( - 7.1 per cent ); Cauliflower ( - 3.4 per cent ); Red Chillies ( - 2.6 per cent ); Carrots ( - 1.6 per cent ); Hardtail Scad  (Fish) ( - 1.1 per cent ); Local Oranges ( - 1.0 per cent ); Black Pomfret (Fish) ( - 0.5 per cent ) and Round Cabbage ( - 0.4 per cent ).
A reclassification of items according to their durability and services rendered showed increases in the index for Durable Goods ( + 0.2 per cent ) and Services ( + 0.1 per cent ). Meanwhile, the index for Semi-Durable Goods and Non-Durable Goods decreased by 0.3 per cent respectively.

 

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